Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	20
Number of observations	2278
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	356.1 KiB
Average record size in memory	160.1 B

Variable types

Categorical	3
Numeric	15
Boolean	2

Warnings

`Churn` has constant value "0"	Constant
`State` has a high cardinality: 51 distinct values	High cardinality
`Total day minutes` is highly correlated with `Total day charge`	High correlation
`Total day charge` is highly correlated with `Total day minutes`	High correlation
`Total eve minutes` is highly correlated with `Total eve charge`	High correlation
`Total eve charge` is highly correlated with `Total eve minutes`	High correlation
`Total night minutes` is highly correlated with `Total night charge`	High correlation
`Total night charge` is highly correlated with `Total night minutes`	High correlation
`Total intl minutes` is highly correlated with `Total intl charge`	High correlation
`Total intl charge` is highly correlated with `Total intl minutes`	High correlation
`Area code` is highly correlated with `Churn`	High correlation
`Churn` is highly correlated with `Area code` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`International plan` is highly correlated with `Churn`	High correlation
`State` is highly correlated with `Churn`	High correlation
`Voice mail plan` is highly correlated with `Churn`	High correlation
`Number vmail messages` has 1610 (70.7%) zeros	Zeros
`Customer service calls` has 476 (20.9%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2021-04-10 21:21:00.680124
Analysis finished	2021-04-10 21:21:25.427181
Duration	24.75 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.11.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

State
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	51
Distinct (%)	2.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

WV	81
VA	63
AL	59
WY	58
MN	57
Other values (46)	1960

Length

Max length	2
Median length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	4556
Distinct characters	24
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	KS
2nd row	OH
3rd row	NJ
4th row	OH
5th row	OK

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
WV	81	3.6%
VA	63	2.8%
AL	59	2.6%
WY	58	2.5%
MN	57	2.5%
WI	57	2.5%
NY	56	2.5%
OH	56	2.5%
OR	55	2.4%
CO	52	2.3%
Other values (41)	1684	73.9%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
wv	81	3.6%
va	63	2.8%
al	59	2.6%
wy	58	2.5%
wi	57	2.5%
mn	57	2.5%
ny	56	2.5%
oh	56	2.5%
or	55	2.4%
ut	52	2.3%
Other values (41)	1684	73.9%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
N	483	10.6%
A	477	10.5%
M	396	8.7%
I	364	8.0%
T	269	5.9%
D	263	5.8%
O	254	5.6%
C	244	5.4%
V	243	5.3%
W	234	5.1%
Other values (14)	1329	29.2%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Uppercase Letter	4556	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
N	483	10.6%
A	477	10.5%
M	396	8.7%
I	364	8.0%
T	269	5.9%
D	263	5.8%
O	254	5.6%
C	244	5.4%
V	243	5.3%
W	234	5.1%
Other values (14)	1329	29.2%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	4556	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
N	483	10.6%
A	477	10.5%
M	396	8.7%
I	364	8.0%
T	269	5.9%
D	263	5.8%
O	254	5.6%
C	244	5.4%
V	243	5.3%
W	234	5.1%
Other values (14)	1329	29.2%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	4556	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
N	483	10.6%
A	477	10.5%
M	396	8.7%
I	364	8.0%
T	269	5.9%
D	263	5.8%
O	254	5.6%
C	244	5.4%
V	243	5.3%
W	234	5.1%
Other values (14)	1329	29.2%

Account length
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	202
Distinct (%)	8.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	100.3309921
Minimum	1
Maximum	243
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	36
Q1	73
median	100
Q3	127
95-th percentile	165.15
Maximum	243
Range	242
Interquartile range (IQR)	54

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	39.45893632
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3932876123
Kurtosis	-0.1581933155
Mean	100.3309921
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	27
Skewness	0.07601251352
Sum	228554
Variance	1557.007656
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
87	31	1.4%
101	28	1.2%
93	28	1.2%
105	27	1.2%
90	27	1.2%
86	27	1.2%
99	27	1.2%
100	26	1.1%
106	25	1.1%
78	25	1.1%
Other values (192)	2007	88.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	5	0.2%
3	4	0.2%
4	1	< 0.1%
5	1	< 0.1%
6	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
243	1	< 0.1%
225	1	< 0.1%
224	1	< 0.1%
221	1	< 0.1%
217	1	< 0.1%

Area code
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

415	1123
510	580
408	575

Length

Max length	3
Median length	3
Mean length	3
Min length	3

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	6834
Distinct characters	5
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	415
2nd row	415
3rd row	415
4th row	408
5th row	415

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
415	1123	49.3%
510	580	25.5%
408	575	25.2%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
415	1123	49.3%
510	580	25.5%
408	575	25.2%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1703	24.9%
5	1703	24.9%
4	1698	24.8%
0	1155	16.9%
8	575	8.4%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	6834	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1703	24.9%
5	1703	24.9%
4	1698	24.8%
0	1155	16.9%
8	575	8.4%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	6834	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1703	24.9%
5	1703	24.9%
4	1698	24.8%
0	1155	16.9%
8	575	8.4%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	6834	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1703	24.9%
5	1703	24.9%
4	1698	24.8%
0	1155	16.9%
8	575	8.4%

International plan
Boolean

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.3 KiB

False	2126
True	152

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
False	2126	93.3%
True	152	6.7%

Voice mail plan
Boolean

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.3 KiB

False	1610
True	668

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
False	1610	70.7%
True	668	29.3%

Number vmail messages
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	42
Distinct (%)	1.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	8.507462687
Minimum	0
Maximum	50
Zeros	1610
Zeros (%)	70.7%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	21
95-th percentile	37
Maximum	50
Range	50
Interquartile range (IQR)	21

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	13.83016017
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.625650406
Kurtosis	-0.2688480892
Mean	8.507462687
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.178368517
Sum	19380
Variance	191.2733303
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=42)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1610	70.7%
31	46	2.0%
28	38	1.7%
24	36	1.6%
30	33	1.4%
29	33	1.4%
25	33	1.4%
27	31	1.4%
33	31	1.4%
23	30	1.3%
Other values (32)	357	15.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1610	70.7%
4	1	< 0.1%
8	2	0.1%
9	2	0.1%
10	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
50	2	0.1%
47	3	0.1%
46	3	0.1%
45	3	0.1%
44	5	0.2%

Total day minutes
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	1324
Distinct (%)	58.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	175.1043459
Minimum	0
Maximum	313.8
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	89.7
Q1	142.5
median	177.9
Q3	209.8
95-th percentile	253.76
Maximum	313.8
Range	313.8
Interquartile range (IQR)	67.3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	50.10533422
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2861455777
Kurtosis	0.03134419361
Mean	175.1043459
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	33.8
Skewness	-0.2481924827
Sum	398887.7
Variance	2510.544518
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
183.4	7	0.3%
185	6	0.3%
175.4	6	0.3%
159.5	6	0.3%
194.8	6	0.3%
194.4	5	0.2%
162.3	5	0.2%
206.2	5	0.2%
124.3	5	0.2%
178.7	5	0.2%
Other values (1314)	2222	97.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
2.6	1	< 0.1%
7.8	1	< 0.1%
7.9	1	< 0.1%
12.5	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
313.8	1	< 0.1%
309.9	1	< 0.1%
308	1	< 0.1%
307.1	1	< 0.1%
305.2	1	< 0.1%

Total day calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	114
Distinct (%)	5.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	100.1593503
Minimum	0
Maximum	160
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	67
Q1	87
median	100
Q3	113
95-th percentile	133
Maximum	160
Range	160
Interquartile range (IQR)	26

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.6819145
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1965060121
Kurtosis	0.1403284446
Mean	100.1593503
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13
Skewness	-0.06015272982
Sum	228163
Variance	387.3777584
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
107	54	2.4%
105	54	2.4%
102	51	2.2%
88	50	2.2%
100	49	2.2%
98	49	2.2%
104	49	2.2%
112	48	2.1%
95	48	2.1%
108	47	2.1%
Other values (104)	1779	78.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
40	1	< 0.1%
42	1	< 0.1%
44	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
160	1	< 0.1%
158	3	0.1%
157	1	< 0.1%
152	1	< 0.1%
151	3	0.1%

Total day charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	1324
Distinct (%)	58.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	29.76826602
Minimum	0
Maximum	53.35
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	15.25
Q1	24.23
median	30.24
Q3	35.67
95-th percentile	43.1405
Maximum	53.35
Range	53.35
Interquartile range (IQR)	11.44

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	8.517839
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2861382317
Kurtosis	0.0314560443
Mean	29.76826602
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	5.75
Skewness	-0.2481977403
Sum	67812.11
Variance	72.55358123
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
31.18	7	0.3%
27.12	6	0.3%
31.45	6	0.3%
33.12	6	0.3%
29.82	6	0.3%
36.65	5	0.2%
28.99	5	0.2%
35.17	5	0.2%
36.72	5	0.2%
35.05	5	0.2%
Other values (1314)	2222	97.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
0.44	1	< 0.1%
1.33	1	< 0.1%
1.34	1	< 0.1%
2.13	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
53.35	1	< 0.1%
52.68	1	< 0.1%
52.36	1	< 0.1%
52.21	1	< 0.1%
51.88	1	< 0.1%

Total eve minutes
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	1325
Distinct (%)	58.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	198.8533802
Minimum	0
Maximum	354.2
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	117.77
Q1	163.625
median	199.55
Q3	233.475
95-th percentile	283.3
Maximum	354.2
Range	354.2
Interquartile range (IQR)	69.85

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	50.81895405
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2555599206
Kurtosis	-0.01851011919
Mean	198.8533802
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	34.9
Skewness	-0.02183366134
Sum	452988
Variance	2582.566091
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
167.2	7	0.3%
161.7	7	0.3%
195.5	6	0.3%
219.1	6	0.3%
205.1	6	0.3%
169.9	6	0.3%
220.6	6	0.3%
230.1	5	0.2%
241.4	5	0.2%
203.8	5	0.2%
Other values (1315)	2219	97.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
31.2	1	< 0.1%
42.2	1	< 0.1%
42.5	1	< 0.1%
43.9	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
354.2	1	< 0.1%
348.5	1	< 0.1%
341.3	1	< 0.1%
337.1	1	< 0.1%
335.7	1	< 0.1%

Total eve calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	119
Distinct (%)	5.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	100.0364355
Minimum	0
Maximum	170
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	66
Q1	87
median	100
Q3	114
95-th percentile	134
Maximum	170
Range	170
Interquartile range (IQR)	27

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	20.25879961
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2025142091
Kurtosis	0.2571965773
Mean	100.0364355
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13.5
Skewness	-0.06574156795
Sum	227883
Variance	410.4189617
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	55	2.4%
109	51	2.2%
94	50	2.2%
115	47	2.1%
97	47	2.1%
87	46	2.0%
108	46	2.0%
98	45	2.0%
99	45	2.0%
95	44	1.9%
Other values (109)	1802	79.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
12	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
42	1	< 0.1%
43	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
170	1	< 0.1%
157	1	< 0.1%
156	1	< 0.1%
155	2	0.1%
154	2	0.1%

Total eve charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	1205
Distinct (%)	52.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	16.90280948
Minimum	0
Maximum	30.11
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	10.0085
Q1	13.91
median	16.965
Q3	19.8475
95-th percentile	24.08
Maximum	30.11
Range	30.11
Interquartile range (IQR)	5.9375

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	4.31961408
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2555559822
Kurtosis	-0.01860933171
Mean	16.90280948
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2.97
Skewness	-0.02179073796
Sum	38504.6
Variance	18.6590658
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14.25	9	0.4%
17.43	8	0.4%
16.12	8	0.4%
17.99	8	0.4%
18.62	8	0.4%
13.74	7	0.3%
18.96	7	0.3%
18.16	7	0.3%
14.21	7	0.3%
12.95	6	0.3%
Other values (1195)	2203	96.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
2.65	1	< 0.1%
3.59	1	< 0.1%
3.61	1	< 0.1%
3.73	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
30.11	1	< 0.1%
29.62	1	< 0.1%
29.01	1	< 0.1%
28.65	1	< 0.1%
28.53	1	< 0.1%

Total night minutes
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	1333
Distinct (%)	58.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	200.4640913
Minimum	43.7
Maximum	395
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	43.7
5-th percentile	114.5
Q1	165.825
median	200
Q3	235.675
95-th percentile	284.505
Maximum	395
Range	351.3
Interquartile range (IQR)	69.85

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	51.28449606
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2558288406
Kurtosis	0.0751126226
Mean	200.4640913
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	34.9
Skewness	0.03020924338
Sum	456657.2
Variance	2630.099536
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
214.6	6	0.3%
194.3	6	0.3%
214.7	6	0.3%
193.6	5	0.2%
214	5	0.2%
190.5	5	0.2%
180.6	5	0.2%
192.7	5	0.2%
109.6	5	0.2%
172.7	5	0.2%
Other values (1323)	2225	97.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
43.7	1	< 0.1%
45	1	< 0.1%
50.1	2	0.1%
53.3	1	< 0.1%
54	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
395	1	< 0.1%
381.9	1	< 0.1%
377.5	1	< 0.1%
364.9	1	< 0.1%
364.3	1	< 0.1%

Total night calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	117
Distinct (%)	5.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	100.0079017
Minimum	33
Maximum	166
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	33
5-th percentile	68
Q1	87
median	100
Q3	113
95-th percentile	131
Maximum	166
Range	133
Interquartile range (IQR)	26

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.30728173
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1930575625
Kurtosis	0.004822730703
Mean	100.0079017
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13
Skewness	0.002130693971
Sum	227818
Variance	372.7711277
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	64	2.8%
104	58	2.5%
91	54	2.4%
96	50	2.2%
92	50	2.2%
102	49	2.2%
100	49	2.2%
108	48	2.1%
106	47	2.1%
98	45	2.0%
Other values (107)	1764	77.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
33	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
38	1	< 0.1%
42	1	< 0.1%
44	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
166	1	< 0.1%
164	1	< 0.1%
157	2	0.1%
156	2	0.1%
155	1	< 0.1%

Total night charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	851
Distinct (%)	37.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	9.020974539
Minimum	1.97
Maximum	17.77
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1.97
5-th percentile	5.15
Q1	7.4625
median	9
Q3	10.6075
95-th percentile	12.8045
Maximum	17.77
Range	15.8
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.145

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.307779214
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2558237144
Kurtosis	0.07475506147
Mean	9.020974539
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.57
Skewness	0.03019732788
Sum	20549.78
Variance	5.3258449
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9.66	12	0.5%
8.57	9	0.4%
9.14	9	0.4%
9.32	9	0.4%
7.15	9	0.4%
10.49	9	0.4%
8.47	9	0.4%
9.63	9	0.4%
10.35	9	0.4%
6.48	8	0.4%
Other values (841)	2186	96.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.97	1	< 0.1%
2.03	1	< 0.1%
2.25	2	0.1%
2.4	1	< 0.1%
2.43	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
17.77	1	< 0.1%
17.19	1	< 0.1%
16.99	1	< 0.1%
16.42	1	< 0.1%
16.39	1	< 0.1%

Total intl minutes
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	156
Distinct (%)	6.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	10.13784021
Minimum	0
Maximum	18.9
Zeros	15
Zeros (%)	0.7%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	5.7
Q1	8.4
median	10.2
Q3	12
95-th percentile	14.6
Maximum	18.9
Range	18.9
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.6

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.779621729
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.274182831
Kurtosis	0.7158939471
Mean	10.13784021
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.8
Skewness	-0.2700086021
Sum	23094
Variance	7.726296958
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	47	2.1%
10.2	43	1.9%
9.8	41	1.8%
10.9	38	1.7%
9.1	38	1.7%
10.6	38	1.7%
11.4	37	1.6%
9.5	37	1.6%
11.2	37	1.6%
9.9	36	1.6%
Other values (146)	1886	82.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	15	0.7%
1.1	1	< 0.1%
1.3	1	< 0.1%
2.1	1	< 0.1%
2.2	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
18.9	1	< 0.1%
18.4	1	< 0.1%
18.2	2	0.1%
18	2	0.1%
17.8	2	0.1%

Total intl calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	20
Distinct (%)	0.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	4.538191396
Minimum	0
Maximum	19
Zeros	15
Zeros (%)	0.7%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1.85
Q1	3
median	4
Q3	6
95-th percentile	9
Maximum	19
Range	19
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.447532646
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.539318956
Kurtosis	2.817344834
Mean	4.538191396
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	1.275467336
Sum	10338
Variance	5.990416051
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=20)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	460	20.2%
4	438	19.2%
5	334	14.7%
2	302	13.3%
6	232	10.2%
7	151	6.6%
1	99	4.3%
8	82	3.6%
9	73	3.2%
10	34	1.5%
Other values (10)	73	3.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	15	0.7%
1	99	4.3%
2	302	13.3%
3	460	20.2%
4	438	19.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
19	1	< 0.1%
18	2	0.1%
17	1	< 0.1%
16	2	0.1%
15	2	0.1%

Total intl charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	156
Distinct (%)	6.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.737708516
Minimum	0
Maximum	5.1
Zeros	15
Zeros (%)	0.7%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1.54
Q1	2.27
median	2.75
Q3	3.24
95-th percentile	3.94
Maximum	5.1
Range	5.1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.97

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.7504414272
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2741129754
Kurtosis	0.7173874129
Mean	2.737708516
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.48
Skewness	-0.2701449247
Sum	6236.5
Variance	0.5631623357
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.7	47	2.1%
2.75	43	1.9%
2.65	41	1.8%
2.94	38	1.7%
2.86	38	1.7%
2.46	38	1.7%
3.02	37	1.6%
2.57	37	1.6%
3.08	37	1.6%
2.67	36	1.6%
Other values (146)	1886	82.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	15	0.7%
0.3	1	< 0.1%
0.35	1	< 0.1%
0.57	1	< 0.1%
0.59	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5.1	1	< 0.1%
4.97	1	< 0.1%
4.91	2	0.1%
4.86	2	0.1%
4.81	2	0.1%

Customer service calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	8
Distinct (%)	0.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1.453028973
Minimum	0
Maximum	7
Zeros	476
Zeros (%)	20.9%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	2
95-th percentile	3
Maximum	7
Range	7
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.152125473
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7929129387
Kurtosis	0.9668612586
Mean	1.453028973
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	0.8347844656
Sum	3310
Variance	1.327393105
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=8)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	846	37.1%
2	546	24.0%
0	476	20.9%
3	311	13.7%
4	69	3.0%
5	20	0.9%
6	7	0.3%
7	3	0.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	476	20.9%
1	846	37.1%
2	546	24.0%
3	311	13.7%
4	69	3.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
7	3	0.1%
6	7	0.3%
5	20	0.9%
4	69	3.0%
3	311	13.7%

Churn
Categorical

CONSTANT
HIGH CORRELATION
REJECTED

Distinct	1
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.9 KiB

0	2278

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	2278
Distinct characters	1
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	0
2nd row	0
3rd row	0
4th row	0
5th row	0

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2278	100.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2278	100.0%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2278	100.0%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	2278	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2278	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	2278	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2278	100.0%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	2278	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2278	100.0%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	State	Account length	Area code	International plan	Voice mail plan	Number vmail messages	Total day minutes	Total day calls	Total day charge	Total eve minutes	Total eve calls	Total eve charge	Total night minutes	Total night calls	Total night charge	Total intl minutes	Total intl calls	Total intl charge	Customer service calls
0	KS	128	415	No	Yes	25	265.1	110	45.07	197.4	99	16.78	244.7	91	11.01	10.0	3	2.70	1
1	OH	107	415	No	Yes	26	161.6	123	27.47	195.5	103	16.62	254.4	103	11.45	13.7	3	3.70	1
2	NJ	137	415	No	No	0	243.4	114	41.38	121.2	110	10.30	162.6	104	7.32	12.2	5	3.29	0
3	OH	84	408	Yes	No	0	299.4	71	50.90	61.9	88	5.26	196.9	89	8.86	6.6	7	1.78	2
4	OK	75	415	Yes	No	0	166.7	113	28.34	148.3	122	12.61	186.9	121	8.41	10.1	3	2.73	3
5	AL	118	510	Yes	No	0	223.4	98	37.98	220.6	101	18.75	203.9	118	9.18	6.3	6	1.70	0
6	MA	121	510	No	Yes	24	218.2	88	37.09	348.5	108	29.62	212.6	118	9.57	7.5	7	2.03	3
7	MO	147	415	Yes	No	0	157.0	79	26.69	103.1	94	8.76	211.8	96	9.53	7.1	6	1.92	0
8	WV	141	415	Yes	Yes	37	258.6	84	43.96	222.0	111	18.87	326.4	97	14.69	11.2	5	3.02	0
9	RI	74	415	No	No	0	187.7	127	31.91	163.4	148	13.89	196.0	94	8.82	9.1	5	2.46	0

Last rows

	State	Account length	Area code	International plan	Voice mail plan	Number vmail messages	Total day minutes	Total day calls	Total day charge	Total eve minutes	Total eve calls	Total eve charge	Total night minutes	Total night calls	Total night charge	Total intl minutes	Total intl calls	Total intl charge	Customer service calls
2268	SD	163	415	Yes	No	0	197.2	90	33.52	188.5	113	16.02	211.1	94	9.50	7.8	8	2.11	1
2269	OK	52	415	No	No	0	124.9	131	21.23	300.5	118	25.54	192.5	106	8.66	11.6	4	3.13	2
2270	WY	89	415	No	No	0	115.4	99	19.62	209.9	115	17.84	280.9	112	12.64	15.9	6	4.29	3
2271	OH	78	408	No	No	0	193.4	99	32.88	116.9	88	9.94	243.3	109	10.95	9.3	4	2.51	2
2272	OH	96	415	No	No	0	106.6	128	18.12	284.8	87	24.21	178.9	92	8.05	14.9	7	4.02	1
2273	SC	79	415	No	No	0	134.7	98	22.90	189.7	68	16.12	221.4	128	9.96	11.8	5	3.19	2
2274	AZ	192	415	No	Yes	36	156.2	77	26.55	215.5	126	18.32	279.1	83	12.56	9.9	6	2.67	2
2275	WV	68	415	No	No	0	231.1	57	39.29	153.4	55	13.04	191.3	123	8.61	9.6	4	2.59	3
2276	RI	28	510	No	No	0	180.8	109	30.74	288.8	58	24.55	191.9	91	8.64	14.1	6	3.81	2
2277	TN	74	415	No	Yes	25	234.4	113	39.85	265.9	82	22.60	241.4	77	10.86	13.7	4	3.70	0

Overview

Variables

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Cramér's V (φc)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows